InSight

Market InSights:

Rudolph with Your Nose So Bright

Investing 2021

If you don’t recall the most famous reindeer of all, Rudolph, the Montgomery Ward creation possesses the special characteristic to guide Santa’s sleigh among a fog that would have otherwise canceled Christmas. Like Rudolph’s nose, I’m going to highlight a couple of macroeconomics bright spots that we like right now, that will surely support markets and guide us through the fog of 2021. Enjoy the holiday season and may you have a prosperous new year. 

Unemployment – I think it’s fair to say that the spike in unemployment (fastest spike ever) and the subsequent drop in unemployment (fastest drop ever) have given politicians the hyperbole they need, but the rate getting back to 6.7% means a couple of good things going forward. Firstly, the “easy to lose” and “easy to return” jobs were flushed out in the spike, and the jobs that could easily return have. This means that while each percentage point from here on out is going to be harder and harder, the headline risk of massive jobless swings has likely settled for now. Unemployment in the +6’s has been the recent peaks for prior negative economic swings. In 2003, we peaked at 6.3%, 1992 7.7% even the economic crisis in 2009 only saw a peak of 9.9%. So at least the unemployment figures have gotten back to “normal bad” and not “historically bad”. But here is the good news for 2021, from this point forward we will get positive headlines for employment. I think we have crested, the liquidity in the markets has helped, and near term the unemployment outlook is stable. This pandemic is different than a cyclical recession, this can be resolved as quickly as the damage was done, and for between 4-8 quarters we can see a routine and constructive print for joblessness. This will be a supportive series of headlines for markets. 

Inflation – Inflation will be a headwind for bonds and cash but will be constructive for some assets. Those invested in equities will see an increase in capital chasing the same number of assets. This inflation will be constructive for stocks and other hard assets from 2021 but will cut into the expectations for the buying power of dollars going forward. Expect long term dollar weakness. Additionally, we’re not alone, this pandemic is global and I anticipate every central bank to prefer adding liquidity to their economies over the risk of inflation. Expect countries that emerge from the pandemic quickly to see a major tailwind from global inflation, those whose course is slower and shutdowns longer to be hampered by it.  

Debt – Record low borrowing costs should tee up leveraged companies for success. This is absolutely a situation where “zombie” companies will be created, so investors should be aware of the health of companies they are buying, but long term, allowing companies that have been historically highly leveraged to restructure at amazing rates, or even granting companies that have healthy balance sheets more cheap capital to take on more cap-ex projects for the at least a decade or more will be supportive for the market on the whole. As I write this, the 2-10 spread is .8%, in my opinion giving corporate CFO’s carte blanche to begin issuing new debt and extending all maturities on existing debt. Seeing these companies become so tenacious in the debt market normally would spook investors, but it’s hard to imagine a more supportive environment for borrowers than sub-2% borrowing costs for AAA companies and sub-4% for high yield borrowers. Debt was low for the recovery after 2009 and is now bargain-basement prices. These are rates that are likely to persist through 2021 and with Janet Yellen (Dovish) at the treasury, and no change in the attitude of the Fed I’m not seeing a change in sight. This will likely mean yields will be below inflation for some time as central banks try to juice the recovery at the expense of inflation. 

Earnings – Companies have broadly been able to understate their earnings projections through the pandemic. The science of slow-rolling their debts, and lowering the expectations of analysts has been fantastic. Companies across sectors have been able to step over the lowered bar without major disruption this year. Now while, for the most part, the pandemic has given them top cover to have earnings below their historic figures, the companies in the S&P 500 have done a fantastic job this year of collectively using this window to reset the expectations of investors without sounding alarms. Managing expectations lower, then beating them has been a theme in 2020, that in 2021 will look like a great trajectory for earnings as we emerge from COVID-19. This is going to be a fantastic and virtuous atmosphere of rising earnings. The usual suspects for this earning improvement cycle will show up, banks, technology, and consumer discretionary investors will like this reset in the cycle and the aforementioned upswing in earnings these groups are poised for.

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Cash Is a Trap: Why Waiting Could Cost You in 2025

The Short Version – What you need to know: Cash is offering yields that are unusually high and unsustainable. Stick with it too long, and you risk missing better opportunities.    Here’s why:   There is no denying it — cash has been king lately. After years of getting pennies on your savings, it finally feels like the tables have turned. Money market funds are paying 4-5%, Treasury bills are delivering solid, predictable returns, and even your once-neglected savings account is earning something that resembles real money. For the first time in over a decade, savers are winning — or at least it feels that way. If you’ve been parking your money in “safe” places, collecting interest without risk, it’s been a breath of fresh air. No volatility. No headlines to stress over. Just quiet, steady yield. And for many, that’s been a welcome change. But here’s the problem: that feeling of safety is blinding. Because the moment rates start to fall — and they will — the music stops. And by the time most investors realize the opportunity has moved on… it already has. There are a pair of market forces looking to see the interest rates on cash to get cut, the first is President Trump’s constant pressure on the Fed to cut rates, a message that dates back to the first term, and likely his long-held belief from a background in real estate that unnaturally low rates drive asset values up. And he’s right, on that side of the ledger, equity assets will go up in an environment where cash has low intrinsic value. The second element is the slowing economy, for fear of a deterioration in consumer confidence under the new weight of tariffs on imports, the consumer will see a pair of financial pressures: 1) that the costs of goods continue to rise, and 2) taxes and wages are likely flat for the year to come.  But here’s the warning no one likes to hear: Cash is a trap. And by the time rates fall, it will be too late to move. The Fed’s current interest rate — just over 4.25% — has created the illusion that holding cash is a viable long-term strategy. But history tells a different story. This window won’t stay open much longer. When the Fed Cuts, Yields Vanish Let’s take a step back and look at the broader pattern behind rising cash yields. When the Fed raises interest rates, it’s typically doing so because the economy is running hot; inflation is climbing, jobs are strong, and markets are roaring. This sounds a lot like 2024 to us. In that kind of environment, it makes sense that cash starts paying again. It’s a signal that the Fed is leaning into strength, cooling off excess demand, and trying to engineer a “soft landing.” A condition we saw engineered masterfully in 2023/2024 by Jerome Powell and the FOMC. Inflation is already making its way through the economy — and the first wave is hitting the Producer Price Index (PPI), which tracks what upstream industrial producers pay for inputs. This month, it jumped 21% month-over-month, largely due to the impact of new tariffs. This marks the first tangible sign of tariffs driving real economic consequences.   But here’s what most investors miss: those rising yields are the last breath of the boom. And when the tide turns, the shift is fast and often violent. Look at the Fed’s past behavior, every time it hikes even moderately and over several quarters, it eventually pivots twice as fast: After peaking at 6.5% in November 2000, the Fed cut rates to under 2% by February 2022, as the dot-com crash began unraveling. In 2006, rates hovered at 5.25%, but by the end of 2008, we were at zero, as the financial crisis hit with full force. In 2018, the Fed started easing again within months of its last hike as trade tensions and growth fears crept in, before COVID even surfaced, and then COVID short-circuited the recovery that began in 2015. With COVID in the rear-view mirror, the Fed continued that work, successfully raising rates in the most ambitious clip ever from 2022 to Sept 2023, where we are hovering now…and it is now VERY unlikely the next move is higher.  This isn’t a coincidence. The Fed hikes gradually, cautiously, data-dependent, often telegraphed months in advance. But when does it cut? It cuts decisively. Because by that point, the damage has already begun. So what does this mean for cash investors? It means that the window to benefit from +4-5% yields is narrow and shrinking. And more importantly, if you wait until the Fed actually begins cutting, you’ve already missed the market’s reaction. Bond prices have risen. Equities have started their climb. And your “safe” money is now chasing yesterday’s opportunities. Why Waiting to “See What Happens” Doesn’t Work Here’s the trap: You hold cash at 5% because it feels safe. The Fed cuts once, then twice, and suddenly your yield is 3.5% or lower. You decide it’s time to buy bonds… but they’ve already gone up in price. You look at equities… and they’re already rallying because the market saw this coming. In short: you’re chasing returns with worse timing, less yield, and more risk. You Only Get One Shot at Today’s Yields Cash works “right now”, but it doesn’t scale and cannot last. Your bank teller getting you to “buy a CD for +5%” is the calm before the collapse. Those 6 months of “teaser” rates get your capital off the sidelines and lets the bank buy longer term duration debt, they pay you the +5% they collect from other longer term assets for the first 6 months (the duration of the CD), then if and when rates drop they are left with a long term asset still paying the +5% yield and offer you the new CD at prevailing rates at 3% or less…the bank profits on the spread by letting you lend

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Peter Locke

Expanded Eligibility for HSA Contributions 

Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) were a hot topic in the drafting of the “Big Beautiful Bill” (OBBBA). While the original House version proposed major changes, the Senate pared it back, leaving just two notable reforms in the final law. More Plans Count as HSA-Eligible Previously, not all Affordable Care Act (ACA) exchange plans qualified as High Deductible Health Plans (HDHPs), which are required for HSA contributions. Some Bronze and Catastrophic plans didn’t meet the deductible and out-of-pocket limits to qualify. Now, under Section 71307 of OBBBA, all Bronze and Catastrophic ACA plans, whether purchased through the Federal marketplace or a state exchange like Connect for Health Colorado, are considered HDHPs. Planning consideration: This change expands HSA access to more Coloradans, including many Boulder families and young professionals who opt for lower-cost Bronze plans through the exchange. Direct Primary Care Arrangements Allowed Direct primary care (DPC) arrangements, where patients pay a flat monthly or annual fee for primary care services, used to create uncertainty for HSA eligibility. Under Section 71308 of OBBBA, individuals can now keep HSA eligibility while enrolled in a DPC arrangement, as long as fees don’t exceed $150 per month (individual) or $300 per month (family). Planning consideration: Boulder has a growing number of concierge and direct primary care practices, popular with families and busy professionals who value personalized care. Now, patients using these services can continue to build HSA savings without penalty. The Bottom Line The final law fell short of sweeping HSA reform, but it did create new pathways for eligibility. More marketplace plans now qualify as HDHPs, and direct primary care arrangements no longer threaten HSA contributions. For Boulder residents, this could mean greater flexibility in pairing local health care options, from Bronze ACA plans to direct primary care practices, with the tax advantages of HSAs.

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Articles
Kevin Taylor

Insurance Settlers of Catan: A Story of Risk Management

In April, our family welcomed a new member—a delightful, energetic, and mischievous puppy named Catan. From the moment he arrived, Catan has brought immense joy and laughter into our home, quickly becoming a cherished part of our lives. Little did we know, that this adorable bundle of fur would soon teach us a profound lesson about risk management. As a professional money and risk manager, you’d think I’d have all bases covered. However, even experts have their blind spots, and for us, it was pet insurance. Like many new pet owners, we didn’t prioritize it, thinking we had time to sort it out. That was until a routine procedure went awry, turning our lives upside down. Catan’s journey began with a botched neutering procedure, leading to complications that landed him in the hospital. The veterinarian responsible for the error promptly filed an insurance claim, covering the costs. However, the expenses were staggering. What started as a simple procedure quickly escalated into a $10,000 vet bill (as of this writing), with the possibility of additional surgery pushing the total to over $20,000. This financial hit, while not catastrophic, was a significant and unexpected out-of-pocket expense. It was a wake-up call for Susan and me, highlighting a glaring gap in our risk management strategy. It wasn’t just about the money; it was about the peace of mind that comes with being prepared for life’s uncertainties. Catan’s ordeal underscored the importance of constantly reassessing and updating our risk management plans. Our lives are ever-changing, with new responsibilities and challenges emerging at every turn. From homeownership and business ventures to healthcare and family dynamics, the risks we face evolve, requiring ongoing vigilance and adaptation. Our experience with Catan is a vivid reminder that risk management isn’t a one-time task but a continuous process. It’s about smart, observation-based assessments and proactive measures to mitigate potential setbacks. The $20,000 financial setback we narrowly avoided with Catan could have been a nightmare had we not had some safety nets in place. That amount of money is a great vacation, a year of college, or a down payment on a car, and we get to keep that in our financial plan.  This journey with our beloved puppy has taught us that while risk management might seem like a chore, it’s essential for protecting what we hold dear. Whether it’s our finances, our health, or our family’s well-being, being prepared for the unexpected is crucial. In the end, Catan’s story is more than just a cautionary tale about pet insurance. It’s a broader lesson in staying vigilant and adaptable, ensuring that as our lives evolve, so does our approach to managing risks. Catan may have come into our lives as a playful puppy, but he leaves a lasting impact as a teacher, reminding us of the importance of being prepared for whatever life throws our way. So, as you navigate your own life’s changes, remember the tale of Catan. Embrace the lessons learned, and make sure you’re ready to manage the risks that come with the joys and challenges of life. After all, being prepared is the key to maintaining peace of mind and protecting the ones we love.

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