InSight

Market InSights:

There Is Too Much Money

You read that right, there is simply too much cash in the capital markets to not see a handful of effects that could impact your investments and plan. The supply of money floating around is massive right now. There is a lot of risk, COVID has us concerned about the economics of the coming year, but it’s getting harder and harder to ignore how much cash has been made available.

Even relative to itself, it’s a volume of cash in the money supply that will take at least a decade to settle into long term investments, or be recaptured by the Fed. At the beginning of the year there was roughly $15T in circulation held in cash and cash equivalents. We are in December and the number is closer to $19T of more highly liquid cash in the world. This $4T expansion in only 12 months is remarkable.

Here’s some history on money supply. It took until 1997 to reach the first $4T in circulation, the decade from 2009 to 2019 saw that supply double from $8T to almost $16T (the fastest doubling ever), resulting in a major part of the expansion of the stock market for that decade. Now, in twelve months we have seen a flood of almost 27% more money in the supply than there was at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. 

One of the best leading indicators for where capital markets are headed, can be found in how much money, especially highly liquid money like cash, is available in the system. This is a reflection of how big the pie is. Usually in investments we are focused on cash flow, and a companies market share – or how effective a company is at capturing cash flow from a given size of market. That’s becoming less relevant as the sheer volume of cash has exploded. The pie is so big right now that there will have to be a a few notable adjustments to make:

InflationWhile I have heard that Jerome Powell has not registered an increase in inflation yet, it is hard to believe that as the newly introduced money will not have an expansive effect on the costs of goods and services. Many mark the inflation rate off the CPI, grievances with that benchmark aside, it would be irresponsible to assume that the basket of securities they mark to market does not see an above average increase as more money finds its way into the same number of consumer goods. Additionally, elements like rents will see a disproportionate increase in the coming decade because while supply of say consumer goods will increase quickly to capture this cash, construction of rental properties is a less reactive market and a slower roll out to correct the market. In the meantime expect rental costs and revenues to see above average inflation figures. 

Interest Rates – Permanently impaired. As I write this the current observation, the 10 year US Treasury is paying 0.9%, a third of where it was even 2 years ago. It is heard to believe that such a robust introduction of cash doesn’t become a permanent downward pressure on fixed income assets for the foreseeable future. Unless there is a formal and aggressive contraction of the money supply, it will take decades for the amount of cash in circulation to let up that downward pressure on bonds. Interest rates in short term assets will be particularly affected as the demand has become less appetizing in contrast to long term debt, and the supply of cash is chasing too small of demand. 

EquitiesThe real benefactor here. It is hard not to believe that over the course of the coming decade, this cash infusion doesn’t trickle its way up and into the stock market and other asset values. Generally the most “risky” part of the market is the historically the benefactor of excesses in cash. Companies will do what they do best and capture this supply of cash through normal operations, this will expand their revenues and ultimately the bottom line. Additionally, the compressed borrowing costs from low interest rates will lower their operating costs. Compound the poor risk reward ratio in bonds and you will see more of those investments seek out stocks, real estate, and other capital assets. This sector will see a virtuous combination of more revenue, and more demand for shares. Expect permanently elevated P/E reads for the time being. 

 

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Cash Is a Trap: Why Waiting Could Cost You in 2025

The Short Version – What you need to know: Cash is offering yields that are unusually high and unsustainable. Stick with it too long, and you risk missing better opportunities. Here’s why (the long Version): There is no denying it — cash has been king lately. After years of getting pennies on your savings, it finally feels like the tables have turned. Money market funds are paying 4-5%, Treasury bills are delivering solid, predictable returns, and even your once-neglected savings account is earning something that resembles real money. For the first time in over a decade, savers are winning — or at least it feels that way. If you’ve been parking your money in “safe” places, collecting interest without risk, it’s been a breath of fresh air. No volatility. No headlines to stress over. Just quiet, steady yield. And for many, that’s been a welcome change. But here’s the problem: that feeling of safety is blinding. Because the moment rates start to fall — and they will — the music stops. And by the time most investors realize the opportunity has moved on… it already has. There are a pair of market forces looking to see the interest rates on cash to get cut, the first is President Trump’s constant pressure on the Fed to cut rates, a message that dates back to the first term, and likely his long-held belief from a background in real estate that unnaturally low rates drive asset values up. And he’s right, on that side of the ledger, equity assets will go up in an environment where cash has low intrinsic value. The second element is the slowing economy, for fear of a deterioration in consumer confidence under the new weight of tariffs on imports, the consumer will see a pair of financial pressures: 1) that the costs of goods continue to rise, and 2) taxes and wages are likely flat for the year to come. But here’s the warning no one likes to hear: Cash is a trap. And by the time rates fall, it will be too late to move. The Fed’s current interest rate — just over 4.25% — has created the illusion that holding cash is a viable long-term strategy. But history tells a different story. This window won’t stay open much longer. When the Fed Cuts, Yields Vanish Let’s take a step back and look at the broader pattern behind rising cash yields. When the Fed raises interest rates, it’s typically doing so because the economy is running hot; inflation is climbing, jobs are strong, and markets are roaring. This sounds a lot like 2024 to us. In that kind of environment, it makes sense that cash starts paying again. It’s a signal that the Fed is leaning into strength, cooling off excess demand, and trying to engineer a “soft landing.” A condition we saw engineered masterfully in 2023/2024 by Jerome Powell and the FOMC. Inflation is already making its way through the economy — and the first wave is hitting the Producer Price Index (PPI), which tracks what upstream industrial producers pay for inputs. This month, it jumped 21% month-over-month, largely due to the impact of new tariffs. This marks the first tangible sign of tariffs driving real economic consequences. But here’s what most investors miss: those rising yields are the last breath of the boom. And when the tide turns, the shift is fast and often violent. Look at the Fed’s past behavior, every time it hikes even moderately and over several quarters, it eventually pivots twice as fast: After peaking at 6.5% in November 2000, the Fed cut rates to under 2% by February 2022, as the dot-com crash began unraveling. In 2006, rates hovered at 5.25%, but by the end of 2008, we were at zero, as the financial crisis hit with full force. In 2018, the Fed started easing again within months of its last hike as trade tensions and growth fears crept in, before COVID even surfaced, and then COVID short-circuited the recovery that began in 2015. With COVID in the rear-view mirror, the Fed continued that work, successfully raising rates in the most ambitious clip ever from 2022 to Sept 2023, where we are hovering now…and it is now VERY unlikely the next move is higher. This isn’t a coincidence. The Fed hikes gradually, cautiously, data-dependent, often telegraphed months in advance. But when does it cut? It cuts decisively. Because by that point, the damage has already begun. So what does this mean for cash investors? It means that the window to benefit from +4-5% yields is narrow and shrinking. And more importantly, if you wait until the Fed actually begins cutting, you’ve already missed the market’s reaction. Bond prices have risen. Equities have started their climb. And your “safe” money is now chasing yesterday’s opportunities. Why Waiting to “See What Happens” Doesn’t Work Here’s the trap: You hold cash at 5% because it feels safe. The Fed cuts once, then twice, and suddenly your yield is 3.5% or lower. 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Tax Document Checklist

Tax Preparation Checklist Personal Information Your social security number or tax ID number Your spouse’s full name, social security number or tax ID number, and date of birth Identity Protection PIN, if issued by the IRS Routing and account numbers for direct deposit or payment Foreign reporting and residency information (if applicable) Dependent(s) Information Dates of birth and social security numbers or tax ID numbers Childcare records (including provider’s tax ID number, if applicable) Income of dependents and other adults in your home Form 8332 if applicable Sources of Income Employed: Forms W-2 Unemployed: Unemployment (1099-G) Self-Employed: Forms 1099, Schedules K-1, income records Records of all expenses, business-use asset information Office in home information (if applicable) Record of estimated tax payments made (Form 1040–ES) Types of Deductions Forms 1098 or other mortgage interest statements Real estate and personal property tax records Receipts for energy-saving home improvements Charitable donation records Medical expense records Health insurance documentation Childcare expense records Educational expense records K-12 educator expense receipts State and local tax records Retirement and savings documentation Federally declared disaster documentation Check the FEMA website to see if your county has been declared a federal disaster area. Print Checklist

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Navigating the Documents in Estate Planning

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