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Peter Locke

Saving Automation 101: Routine, habitual, saving

At the foundation of any planning conversation is saving and saving automation can help make that easier and promote good money habits. Those that start saving early and do it throughout their entire working days are setting themselves up for a life without being employed. If you want to work until you pass away you almost can but I sure don’t. In this article I will share the best savings techniques I’ve seen and how the millionaires I work with got to where they are. Surprise, it’s not because they picked the next Apple. Although you can swing for the fence and be the next Barry Bonds with a great stock pick, you could also be the next Clint Hartung and make the wrong pick and lose it all. To us, risk is worth taking at the right times and with the right amount. But those that stay wealthy develop strong habits early. There’s a reason that over 60% of NFL and NBA players are bankrupt or under financial stress within 5 years of leaving their sport. Making a lot of money doesn’t necessarily correlate with long term wealth. So what should you be doing now for it to be habitual?  Here is my trick to saving: Automation Trick one is automating your savings. There is a reason why people’s biggest investments are their home and then their 401k. Take your income and give yourself a goal. If you make less than $100,000 try to save 15%. If you make more than $100,000 save 20%-30%. Then whatever is left over is your spending for expenses. The formula is not Income-Expense=Savings. Most companies allow you to automatically take money out of your paycheck (go into your payroll system) and have it go into an investment account that is set up to automatically invest for you. If you have to invest it yourself then you’re creating a step for yourself and therefore creating an obstacle which is what makes automating your savings so valuable. Once you’ve established how much you save then it’s a matter of where to save. The younger you’re the better it is to save in a Roth IRA and a regular brokerage account. But any savings vehicle is great! If you’re fortunate enough to have an employer that gives you a 401(k) match, meaning they will give you free money to participate in the 401(k) plan then max that out. If you have a family, make sure you have a minimum of 3 months of expenses in cash saved to support everyone if you lose your job. If you’re the primary breadwinner then have 6 months saved. After you have that saved in a savings account, then look to contribute to your 401(k). In 2020 you can save up to $19,500 if you’re under the age of 50 and $26,500 if you’re older than 50. If you’re in a lower tax bracket, look to save in a Roth 401(k) as this money will grow tax free (read Investing 101). If you’re looking to have a diverse group of accounts you can put half into your Traditional 401(k) and half into your Roth 401(k) as this will prepare you for whatever the tax situation may be in the future. I like maxing out my 401(k) then anything extra goes to a joint account that is invested in stocks and ETFs. Whatever the savings vehicle, especially when you’re young will do amazing things for you. The main reason why we like the Roth 401(k) over the other accounts is because you won’t be tempted to use it, it grows tax free, and with good investments you can hopefully stop working sooner.  Don’t let the politics or the status of the global economy get in the way of savings. It doesn’t matter where the world is when you automate your savings. All that matters is that you’re dollar cost averaging over time (lowering the overall cost basis of your investment) regardless of where the markets are. If they’re high don’t try to time the market. If they’re low then try to adjust your spending down and increase your savings during that time as you’re getting great discounts that only present themselves a couple of times per year on average. To review, saving as much as possible early is made possible through automation. Accumulating good debt (student loan, mortgage, starting a business, etc) is fine but stay away from erosive debt (credit card, expensive cars, etc). Automate your savings and investments. Income-savings=expenses. 

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How much should you keep in the bank in relation to your investments?

Great question! So there are a couple of ways to think about this but I will give you what I believe are two simple strategies. One emergency fund + Investments OR The Three Bucket Strategy:  First the Emergency + Investment Account method: First Establish the Emergency Fund How much? 3-12 months of non-discretionary cash for your emergency fund. Three months if you’re single and highly employable and 12 months if you’re older (50+) with dependents and you’re the primary provider. For everyone else, six months is a great place to be. Put this cash or in money market accounts that are liquid (you can access immediately).  What type of account(s) should I use? Savings Account or checking account Then develop Investment Account(s) Once you have your emergency fund taken care of this is where you can invest the rest. Read Saving Automation 101 & Investing 101   OR try the Three Bucket Strategy: First Bucket: 3-12 months of non-discretionary cash for your emergency fund. Type of account: Savings Account or checking account 3 months if you’re single and highly employable and 12 months if you’re older (50+) with dependents and you’re the primary provider. If you’re in between 6 months is a great place to be. Put this cash in money market accounts that are fully liquid (you can access immediately).  Second Bucket: 1-3 years of individual bonds and maybe some equity. Brokerage account  This is money that is used to generate income to replenish your first bucket, provide a safety net, and is supposed to be less volatile than investing in the general market. If your cash is used up in bucket one you take some of the money from this bucket and shift it over into bucket one to replenish that amount. For conservative investors, this is a great place to buy bonds with different maturities to build what is called a bond ladder (1-year bond, 2-year bond, 3-year bond). For aggressive investors, you may use a balanced approach of a total stock market ETF and a total bond market ETF (a balanced fund).  Third Bucket: 3 years + of equities This is your long term money. Money that you don’t plan to touch or use for anything other than to let it grow and compound. This should be invested into equities. Reinvesting your dividends and letting time run and the effect of compounding work for you.  If you found this helpful please share it and/or leave a comment! 

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